4.2. Decorator Types

4.2.1. Rationale

By type:

• Function decorators

• Class decorators

By decorated object:

• Decorating function

• Decorating class

• Decorating method

By wrapper type:

• Wrapper function

• Wrapper class

• Wrapper method

By number of arguments:

• Without arguments

• With arguments

4.2.2. Decorator Types

• Function decorators

• Class decorators

• In this example:

  • obj is a decorated object

  • doesn't matter, whether is a function, class or method

>>> def mydecorator(obj):
...     ...

>>> class MyDecorator:
...     def __init__(self, obj):
...         ...

4.2.3. Wrapper Type

• Wrapper function

• Wrapper class

• Wrapper method

• In this example:

  • obj is a decorated object

  • doesn't matter, whether is a function, class or method

• If obj and Wrapper are classes, Wrapper can inherit from obj (to extend it)

>>> def mydecorator(obj):
...     def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
...         ...
...     return wrapper

>>> def mydecorator(obj):
...     class Wrapper:
...         def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
...             ...
...     return Wrapper

>>> class MyDecorator:
...     def __init__(self, obj):
...         ...
...
...     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
...         ...

4.2.4. Decorated Object

• Decorating function (by convention func or fn)

• Decorating class (by convention cls)

• Decorating method (by convention mth, meth or method)

>>> def mydecorator(func):
...     ...

>>> def mydecorator(cls):
...     ...

>>> def mydecorator(mth):
...     ...

>>> class MyDecorator:
...     def __init__(self, func):
...         ...

>>> class MyDecorator:
...     def __init__(self, cls):
...         ...

>>> class MyDecorator:
...     def __init__(self, mth):
...         ...

4.2.5. Usage

>>> @mydecorator
... def myfunction(*args, **kwargs):
...     ...

>>> class MyClass:
...     @mydecorator
...     def mymethod(self, *args, **kwargs):
...         ...

>>> @mydecorator
... class MyClass:
...     ...

>>> @MyDecorator
... def myfunction(*args, **kwargs):
...     ...

>>> class MyClass:
...     @MyDecorator
...     def mymethod(self, *args, **kwargs):
...         ...

>>> @MyDecorator
... class MyClass:
...     ...

4.2.6. Arguments

• Without arguments

• With arguments

>>> @mydecorator
... def myfunction(*args, **kwargs):
...     ...

>>> @MyDecorator
... def myfunction(*args, **kwargs):
...     ...

>>> @mydecorator('arg1', 'arg2')  
... def myfunction(*args, **kwargs):
...     ...

>>> @MyClass('arg1', 'arg2')  
... def myfunction(*args, **kwargs):
...     ...